51BC Cicero reviews his army at Iconium
1105 Third Battle of Ramalah: Crusaders defeat the Fatimids
1238 Jaime I of Aragon liberates Valencia from the Moors
1364 Battle of Cascina: the Florentines ambush the Pisans, who are bathing in the Arno
1397 Battle of Governolo: Anti-Visconti League defeats the Visconti
1434 Battle of Castel Bolognese: The Visconti defeat the Anti-Visconti League
1503 Guidbaldo di Manfredo recaptures Urbino from Cesare Borgia
1512 Papal-Spanish Army captures Prato from the Florentines amid great slaughter.
1513 Battle of Norham: King James IV of Scotland defeats the English
1619 Ferdinand II elected Holy Roman Emperor (1619-1637)
1640 Battle of Newburn: Scots defeat English to capture Newcastle
1652 Naval Battle of Plymouth: de Ruyter's Dutch defeat the English
1739 Battle of Stavuchany: Russians drive the Turks into the Danube.
1812 Treaty of Abo: Prince Bernadotte of Sweden & Tsar Alexander of Russia ally against Napoleon
1861 Union forces invest Ft. Clark, Hatteras, NC, which falls the next day
1862 Battle of Thoroughfare Gap, Va
1862 Rebel spy Belle Boyd released from the Old Capitol Prison
1862 Second Battle of Bull Run (Manassas/Gainesville/Bristoe Station), Day 1 of 3: Union advances
1867 Capt William Reynolds takes possession of Midway for the US
1914 Austria-Hungary declares war on Belgium
1916 Germany declares war on Romania
1916 Italy declares war on Germany
1938 Mauthausen concentration camp opens in Austria
1939 First successful jet flight, a Heinkel He 178
1939 The Netherlands undertakes a preventive mobilization
1939 The Royal Navy quietly issues mobilization orders
1940 French colonies of Cameroon & Congo throw in with de Gaulle's Free French
1942 "Tokyo Express" lands reinforcements on Guadalcanal.
1942 USS 'Washington' (BB-56) enters the Pacific via the Panama Canal.
1942 Milne Bay: Aussie & US troops beat off Japanese attacks.
1943 Elms 43rd Div advance on Arundel against light Japanese resistance.
1943 Denmark: A general strike protests Nazi occupation
1943 Marines occupy Nanomea in the Ellice Islands unopposed.
1944 B-24 raid on the Kuriles, Japanese Submarine Chaser No. 77 is sunk.
1944 'LSM-270' commissioned at Newark, under Ens. Owen R. Meredith, USNR
1986 Former Navy WO Jerry Whitworth convicted of spying for the USSR
1988 Ramstein air show: Italian stunt jets collide, 70 die
1990 Iraq declares Kuwait its 19th province
